The upper atmosphere is the region of Earth's atmosphere that extends from the tropopause (around 10-15 km above the surface) to the edge of space, typically around 1,000 km or more above the surface. This region includes the stratosphere, mesosphere, thermosphere, and exosphere. Research in the upper atmosphere aims to understand the dynamics, composition, and processes that occur in this region, including the interaction of gases, particles, and radiation. Scientists study phenomena such as temperature variations, atmospheric circulation patterns, ozone depletion, and the behavior of molecules and particles at high altitudes. The upper atmosphere is also of interest for its role in satellite communication and navigation, as well as its potential impact on climate and weather patterns. Researchers use a variety of tools and techniques, including satellites, balloons, ground-based observations, and computer models, to study the upper atmosphere and its complex interactions with the lower atmosphere and space.